NESC9909 DYNA3D.

1. NAME OR DESIGNATION OF PROGRAM:  DYNA3D.

3. DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM OR FUNCTION

DYNA3D is an explicit, three- dimensional, finite element program for analyzing the large deformation dynamic response of inelastic solids and structures. DYNA3D contain 30 material models and 10 equations of state (EOS) to cover a wide range of material behavior. The material models implemented are: elastic, orthotropic elastic, kinematic/isotropic plasticity, thermoelastoplastic, soil and crushable foam, linear viscoelastic, Blatz-Ko rubber, high explosive burn, hydrodynamic without deviatoric stresses, elastoplastic hydrodynamic, temperature dependent elastoplastic, isotropic elastoplastic, isotropic elastoplastic with failure, soil and crushable foam with failure, Johnson/Cook plasticity model, pseudo TENSOR geological model, elastoplastic with fracture, power law isotropic plasticity, strain  rate dependent plasticity, rigid, thermal orthotropic, composite damage model, thermal orthotropic with 12 curves, piecewise linear isotropic plasticity, and inviscid two invariant geologic cap, orthotropic crushable model, Moonsy-Rivlin rubber, resultant plasticity, closed form update shell plasticity, and Frazer-Nash rubber model. The IBM 3090 version does not contain the last two models mentioned.
  
The hydrodynamic material models determine only the deviatoric stresses. Pressure is determined by one of ten equations of state including linear polynomial, JWL high explosive, Sack "Tuesday" high explosive, Gruneisen, ratio of polynomials, linear polynomial with energy deposition, ignition and growth of reaction in HE, tabulated  compaction, tabulated, and TENSOR pore collapse. DYNA3D generates three binary output databases. One contains information for complete states at infrequent intervals; 50 to 100 states is typical. The second contains information for a subset of nodes and elements at frequent intervals; 1,000 to 10,000 states is typical. The last contains interfaces data for contact surfaces.
  
This
package is distributed by:
Energy Science and Technology Software Center
P.O. Box 62
1 Science.Gov Way
Oak Ridge, TN 37831
(865) 576-2606 TEL
(865) 576-6436 FAX
E-mail: ESTSC@osti.gov

4. METHOD OF SOLUTION

A contact-impact algorithm permits gaps and sliding along material interfaces with friction. All versions except for the IBM3090 include an interface type defining one-way treatment of sliding with voids and friction. By a specialization of this algorithm, such interfaces can be rigidly tied to admit variable zoning with no need for transition regions. Spatial discretization is achieved by implementation of Hughes-Liu rectangular beams and shells, Belytschko-Tsay shells and beams, triangular shell elements  based on work by Belytschko and colleagues, and 8-node solid-shell elements. All element classes can be included as parts of a rigid body. Three-dimensional plane stress constitutive subroutines update the stress tensor for the shell elements such that the stress component normal to the shell midsurface is zero. One constitutive evaluation is made for each integration point through the shell thickness. The 8-node solid element uses either one point integration or the Flanagan and Belytschko constant stress formulation with exact volume integration. Zero energy modes in the  shell and solid elements are controlled by either an hourglass viscosity of stiffness. The equations of motion are integrated in time by the central difference method. A Jaumann stress rate formulation is used with the exception of the orthotropic elastic and the rubber material subroutines which use Green-St.Venant strains to compute second Piola-Kirchoff stresses which transform to Gauchy stresses.

5. RESTRICTIONS ON THE COMPLEXITY OF THE PROBLEM

Storage allocation is dynamic. The only limit that exists is the storage capacity of the computer. Typical calculations have 10,000 to 200,000 elements.

6. TYPICAL RUNNING TIME

Execution speeds on the Cray X-MP for various DYNA3D element types range from 4 to 48 microseconds per element cycle. These timings are approximate and do not account for the inclusion of sliding interfaces or complex material models. Typical  problems require from 4 to 80 minutes on the Cray X-MP.

Both scalar and vector run versions of the program were generated by the NEADB on an IBM 3090 computer. The sample cases included with the package were then executed with both  program versions. The following CPU times were required for execution -
            case 1: 8m9s    (scalar);    4m4s    (vector);
            case 2:  -        -        2h4m      (vector);
            case 3:   4.72s (scalar);      3.80s (vector).

NEADB ran the test cases included in this package on a
VAX 8810 computer. The following CPU times were required: case 1: 20m46s; case 1a: 1h8m; case 2: 25h42m; case 3: 21s.

7. UNUSUAL FEATURES OF THE PROGRAM:

8. RELATED AND AUXILIARY PROGRAMS

The soil and crushable foam, linear viscoelastic, and the rubber Blatz-Ko subroutines were adapted from  HONDO and recoded for vectorization, the ignition and growth EOS was adapted from KOVEC. The forms of the first five equations of state are from KOVEC also. The three-dimensional contact-impact algorithm  is an extension of the NIKE2D (NESC9923) two-dimensional algorithm.  The tied and sliding only interface options are similar to the two-  dimensional algorithm used in DYNA2D (NESC9910). DYNA3D relies on stand-alone mesh generators. INGRID (NESC9649) is recommended for creation of input files, since it provides complete support for all slide surface data, boundary conditions, loads, material properties, and control parameters. The compatible release of TAURUS (NESC9908) processes DYNA3D output plotting contours, fringes, time histories, and deformed shapes. A variety of strain measures, reaction forces along constrained boundaries, and momenta  can be computed.

10. REFERENCES

- D.W. Stillman and J.O. Hallquist
  INGRID: A Three-Dimensional Mesh Generator for Modeling Nonlinear
  Systems,
  UCID-20506, July 1985.
- J.P. Woodruff
  KOVEC User's Manual,
  UCID-17306, November 23, 1976.
- Michael A. Gerhard
SLIC: An Interative, Graphic Mesh Generator for Finite-Element and    Finite Difference Applications Programs,
  UCRL-52823, September 13, 1979.
- DYNA3D, NESC No. 9909.CRA1B, DYNA3D Edition B Cray Tape
  Description
  National Energy Software Center Note 90-50, March 30, 1990.
- DYNA3D, NESC No. 9909.VAX, DYNA3D DEC VAX Version Tape Description   National Energy Software Center Note 90-51, March 30, 1990.

- J.O. Hallquist:
  Theoretical Manual for DYNA3D
  UCID-19401 (March 1983).
- J.O. Hallquist:
  DYNA3D User's Manual (Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis of Structures
  in Three Dimensions)
  UCID-19592, Rev. 5 (May 1989).
- T.Kennedy:
  DYNA3D and TAURUS User Guide for IBM Processors
  IBM Corporation (August 4, 1987).
- S.C. Lovejoy and R.G. Whirley:
  DYNA3D Example Problem Manual
  UCRL-MA-105259 (October 10, 1990).
- J.C. Andress and A.J. Neilson:
  An Example of the Validation of DYNA3D for Nuclear Plant Safety
  Assessment
  AEEW-M 2491 (September 1987)
- J.O. Hallquist:
  Theoretical Manual for DYNA3D
  UCID-19401  (March 1983)
- J.O. Hallquist and R.G. Whirley:
  DYNA3D User's Manual (Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis of Structures
  in Three Dimensions)
  UCID-19592, Rev. 5  (May 1989)
- S.C. Lovejoy and R.G. Whirley:
  DYNA3D Example Problem Manual
  UCRL-MA-105259 (October 10, 1990).
- J.C. Andress and A.J. Neilson:
  An Example of the Validation of DYNA3D for Nuclear Plant Safety
  Assessment
  AEEW-M 2491 (September 1987)
- J.O. Hallquist:
  Theoretical Manual for DYNA3D
  UCID-19401  (March 1983)
- J.O. Hallquist and R.G. Whirley:
  DYNA3D User's Manual (Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis of Structures
  in Three Dimensions)
  UCID-19592, Rev. 5 (May 1989)
- S.C. Lovejoy and R.G. Whirley:
  DYNA3D Example Problem Manual
  UCRL-MA-105259 (October 10, 1990).
- J.C. Andress and A.J. Neilson:
  An Example of the Validation of DYNA3D for Nuclear Plant Safety
  Assessment
  AEEW-M 2491 (September 1987)

11. MACHINE REQUIREMENTS:

Main storage requirements on the IBM 3090 were:
3800KB for the scalar version; 4075KB for the vector version.

13. OPERATING SYSTEM UNDER WHICH PROGRAM IS EXECUTED

COS (Cray), VMS (DEC VAX11), VM/MVS (IBM3090), UNIX BSD 4.2 (SUN).

MVS/DFP with compiler VS FORTRAN LEVEL 2.5.0.

VMS 5.3 (VAX 8810).

14. OTHER PROGRAMMING OR OPERATING INFORMATION OR RESTRICTIONS

Presently, only parts of the sliding interface logic are vectorized.

15. NAME AND ESTABLISHMENT OF AUTHORS

         R.G. Whirley
         Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
         P.O. Box 808
         Livermore, California 94550


  3090   T. Kennedy
         IBM Corporation

File name	File description	Records
NESC9909_05.001	Information file	89
NESC9909_05.002	DYNA3D VM/CMP EXEC	23
NESC9909_05.003	DYNA3D FORTRAN source	50523
NESC9909_05.004	Subroutine TERMIO Assembler source	64
NESC9909_05.005	Sample problem 1 input data	2369
NESC9909_05.006	Sample problem 2 input data	8277
NESC9909_05.007	Sample problem 3 input data	51
NESC9909_05.008	Sample problem 1 printed output	52
NESC9909_05.009	Sample problem 2 printed output	72
NESC9909_05.010	Sample problem 3 printed output	52

File name	File description	Records
NESC9909_07.001	Information file	61
NESC9909_07.002	JCL and control information	46
NESC9909_07.003	DYNA3D FORTRAN source	54599
NESC9909_07.004	Sample problem input 1 (a)	2369
NESC9909_07.005	Sample problem input 1 (b)	8277
NESC9909_07.006	Sample problem input 1 (c)	51
NESC9909_07.007	Sample problem input 2	2369
NESC9909_07.008	Sample problem 1 (a) output	4665
NESC9909_07.009	Sample problem 1 (b) output	15410
NESC9909_07.010	Sample problem 1 (c) output	1552
NESC9909_07.011	Sample problem 2 output	4682

File name	File description	Records
NESC9909_08.001	This information file	95
NESC9909_08.002	DYNA3D FORTRAN source	54600
NESC9909_08.003	Sample 1, composite damage material	2369
NESC9909_08.004	Sample 1 output (by NEA-DB)	4609
NESC9909_08.005	Sample 1a, isotropic elastoplastic material	2369
NESC9909_08.006	Sample 1a output (by NEA-DB)	4609
NESC9909_08.007	Sample 2, cylinder drop calculation	8277
NESC9909_08.008	Sample 2 first output (by NEA-DB)	15151
NESC9909_08.009	Sample 2 final restart calculation output	35
NESC9909_08.010	Sample 3, impact of bar in three dimensions	53
NESC9909_08.011	Sample 3 output (by NEA-DB)	1523